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Erect-Crested
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• Warham J, Bell BD (1979) The birds of Antipodes Island, New Zealand. Notornis 26:121-169.
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>Fiordland-Crested
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Galapagos
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• Boersma PD (1978) Breeding Patterns of the Galápagos Penguins as an Indicator of Oceanographic Conditions. Science 200:1481-1483.
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Gentoo
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• Bingham M (1998) The distribution, Abundance and Population Trends of Gentoo, Rockhopper and King Penguins at the Falkland Islands. ORYX 32:223-232.
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• Nimon AJ, Schroter RC, Oxenham RKC (1996) Artificial Eggs: Measuring Heart Rate and Effects of Disturbance in Nesting Penguins. Physiology and Behavior 60:1019-1022.
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Marine Ornithology 33:167-171.
• Peterson SL, Branch GM, Ainley DG, Boersma PD, Cooper J, Woehler E (2005) Is Flipper Banding of Penguins a Problem?. Marine Ornithology 33:75-79.
• Polito MJ, Trivelpiece WZ (2008) Transition to independence and evidence of extended parental care in the gentoo penguin (Pygoscelis papua). Marine Biology 154:231-240.
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Humboldt
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King
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• Halsey LG, White CR, Fahlman A, Handrich Y, Butler PJ (2007) Onshore energetic in penguins: Theory, estimation and ecological implications. Comparative Biochemistry and
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Macaroni
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Magellanic
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Rockhopper
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